Keeping blood pressure in check and maintaining a healthy weight could be more important for the brain than previously thought, scientists have warned.
A new study published in the Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism suggests that elevated blood pressure and body mass index "are direct causes of increased vascular dementia risk," according to the study co-author and chief physician at Copenhagen University Hospital, Dr Ruth Frikke-Schmidt.
"That makes them highly actionable targets for dementia prevention at the population level," the scientist told ABC News.
Vascular dementia happens when blood vessels become damaged, cutting off vital blood and oxygen supply to the brain.
Vascular dementia happens when blood vessels become damaged
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The National Heart, Blood and Lung Institute explains this damage often stems from underlying conditions like high blood pressure, atherosclerosis, or diabetes.
People with this condition typically experience confusion, memory difficulties, and struggle with everyday tasks, though symptoms depend on which part of the brain is affected.
That's why experts say prevention is absolutely key, and this new research gives us clear targets to.
The research team examined data from large populations across Copenhagen and the United Kingdom.
They used analytical methods designed to mimic a randomised controlled trial, which gave their findings extra weight.
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The research team examined data from large populations across Copenhagen and the United Kingdom. They used analytical methods designed to mimic a randomised controlled trial, which gave their findings extra weight.
Scientists discovered that for every increase of roughly 4.5 points in BMI, the risk of vascular dementia climbed regardless of where someone started on the weight scale.
Further analysis revealed raised blood pressure, working alongside BMI, directly contributed to this increased dementia risk.
"What is good for the heart is good for the brain," Dr Frikke-Schmidt said, reinforcing growing evidence linking cardiovascular health to cognitive function.
Dr Leah Croll, assistant professor of neurology at SUNY Downstate Health Sciences University, believes many dementia cases could actually be prevented.
"Dementia prevention is the wave of the future," she said, stressing the importance of healthy habits around weight and blood pressure through diet, exercise, and regular medical care.
There's currently no cure for vascular dementia
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Blood pressure can be a sneaky one, however, as it often goes unnoticed.
Board-certified cardiologist, Dr Jennifer Miao, recommends checking your numbers at local pharmacies, walk-in clinics, community health centres, or with a home blood pressure cuff.
A healthy reading sits below 120 over 80, according to the American Heart Association.
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