Kemi Badenoch has said asylum seekers who work without permission should be "on the next plane home."
The Conservative leader has said a "soft touch" environment is driving English Channel crossings.
Migrants whose asylum claims are yet to be processed are not usually allowed to work.
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However, they can apply for permission to work if they have been waiting a year or longer for a decision.
Last month, the Home Office struck an agreement with Deliveroo, Just Eat and Uber Eats to equip these companies with tools to identify patterns of misuse and riders who are not allowed to work in the UK.
The Government will share the locations of asylum hotels as part of the deal.
But the Conservatives have called for illegal working to become a disqualifier in the asylum process, so that anyone caught is barred from becoming a refugee.
Shadow Home Secretary Chris Philp said he had seen riders gathering at a hotel housing asylum seekers, which he described as "an underground courier cartel operating right under this Government’s nose."
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| GB NEWSBadenoch said: "If you come here illegally, take advantage of our asylum system, and then break our laws by illegally working, your asylum claim must be rejected and you should be on the next plane home."
Philp added: "Illegal working is a pull factor sold by smugglers as a reward to break in to our country and cross the Channel.
"That is why we are calling for new action: anyone who plays the system should have their status stripped, wages confiscated, and be deported."
Home Secretary Yvette Cooper has previously said that “illegal working undermines honest business, exploits vulnerable individuals and fuels organised immigration crime”.
Chris Philp has hit out at the 'disgraceful' escorting of almost 200 migrants into Britain by the French | GB NewsCooper described the Home Office’s data-sharing deal as "decisive action to close loopholes and increase enforcement", and added it sat alongside "a 50 per cent increase in raids and arrests for illegal working."
Meanwhile a prominent human rights barrister has cast serious doubt on the effectiveness of the UK-France migration deal, warning that fundamental weaknesses could leave it powerless.
Fadi Farhat told GB News: "It's certainly not the silver bullet promised by Keir Starmer, and the preamble to the agreement talks about how it's an achievement of diplomatic relations."
His stark conclusion suggests the agreement might be "toothless" and potentially "not even be worth the paper it's written on."